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The Science of Middle-earth: Something Wicked This Way Comes - Olog-Hai
No Tolkienian tale is complete without spiders inflated to gigantic size, yet nobody has come up with a satisfactory explanation of Tolkien's evident preoccupation with spiders. Stories of an encounter with a tarantula while an infant in South Africa (1) do not seem very convincing. In The Science of Middle-earth (2) I supposed that spiders might exemplify a kind of evil both independent from and more ancient than that represented by Morgoth or Sauron. Tolkien would have known of the heartlessly voracious nature of female spiders in particular, and their habit of consuming their mates. It is perhaps no coincidence that those spiders to whom Tolkien awards names (Shelob and Ungoliant) are -- pointedly -- female, and this, together with their obvious independence from the Dark Powers, makes them more than just spiders, but vamps: Cleopatra or Rebecca, in spider form.
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